KAREN CRUMP

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_______________________________________________________________ Report Information from ProQuest September 18 2016 14:54 Created by My Research account: KCRUMP76 (KAREN CRUMP) _______________________________________________________________

18 September 2016 ProQuest

Table of contents

1. Internalization and the Dynamics of Product Adaptation – An Empirical Investigation…………………………… 1

Bibliography…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3

18 September 2016 ii ProQuest

Document 1 of 1 Internalization and the Dynamics of Product Adaptation – An Empirical Investigation Author: Calantone, Roger J; Cavusgil, Tamer; Schmidt, Jeffrey B; Shin, Geon-Cheol ProQuest document link Abstract: Firms competing in foreign markets can choose to make no changes to the physical product and packaging, called a product standardization policy, which keeps costs low. The main drawback of such a policy is that the product might not satisfy customers. Conversely, firms may choose to modify, or to adapt, the physical characteristics or attributes of a product and its packaging to fit the needs and desires of consumers in different countries better, but this increases development, manufacturing, marketing, packaging, and distribution costs. Though product adaptation is a core aspect of customizing an export market offering, little research has investigated modifying the physical product and packaging. To be successful, an adapted product must add sufficient incremental revenue (through increased sales due to better satisfying customer needs and wants relative to competitive product offerings) such that the additional manufacturing and marketing costs that result from adapting the product are recovered. In this article, a model of the product adaptation process is developed. Using mail surveys, information is gathered from managers in 239 U.S. organizations and 302 South Korean organizations, all of which export products. The goal was to understand better the motivation of firms to adapt their products for export markets as well as the performance implications of adapting products. Furthermore, the model was tested in these two countries to determine if the model is robust and to uncover differences between the United States and South Korea. Using structural equation modeling to analyze the data, a positive association was found between the level of product adaptation and profitability at the project level. Second, U.S. firms appear to be more reactive when adapting products for export markets, doing so when laws and regulations in the export market mandate changes relative to the U.S. market. Conversely, South Korean firms appear to be more proactive and to adapt products even when not required by the governments of export markets. Third, greater international product adaptation is linked to a more responsive marketing organization with customer-focused practices. Fourth, while a positive link was expected between business unit experience and the extent of international product adaptation, inconsistent results were found between the two country samples. For U.S. firms, it was found that greater experience in international business and product design capability is linked to a higher level of international product adaptation. For South Korean firms, however, a negative relationship was found. Greater international product adaptation occurred with less international business and product design experience. These findings are discussed, and areas for future research are noted. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] Links: Look for Full Text. Subject: International markets; Product design; Package design; Market planning; Benefit cost analysis; Exports; Polls & surveys; Studies; Models; Comparative analysis; Location: United States US South Korea Classification: 9190: United States; 9179: Asia & the Pacific; 9130: Experimental/theoretical; 7500: Product planning & development; 1300: International trade & foreign investment; 2310: Planning Publication title: The Journal of Product Innovation Management Volume: 21 Issue: 3

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http://resolver.ebscohost.com/openurl?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ:abiglobal&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The%20Journal%20of%20Product%20Innovation%20Management&rft.atitle=Internalization%20and%20the%20Dynamics%20of%20Product%20Adaptation%20-%20An%20Empirical%20Investigation&rft.au=Calantone,%20Roger%20J;Cavusgil,%20Tamer;Schmidt,%20Jeffrey%20B;Shin,%20Geon-Cheol&rft.aulast=Calantone&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The%20Journal%20of%20Product%20Innovation%20Management&rft.issn=07376782&rft_id=info:doi/
Pages: 185-198 Publication year: 2004 Publication date: May 2004 Publisher: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Place of publication: Hoboken Country of publication: United Kingdom Publication subject: Business And Economics–Production of Goods And Services, Business And Economics– Management ISSN: 07376782 CODEN: JPIMDD Source type: Scholarly Journals Language of publication: English Document type: Feature Document feature: diagrams tables references ProQuest document ID: 196967827 Document URL: https://login.libproxy.edmc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/196967827?accountid=34899 Copyright: Copyright Elsevier Sequoia S.A. May 2004 Last updated: 2012-02-21 Database: ProQuest Central

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Bibliography Citation style: APA 6th – American Psychological Association, 6th Edition

Roger, J. C., Cavusgil, T., Jeffrey, B. S., & Geon-Cheol Shin. (2004). Internalization and the dynamics of product adaptation – an empirical investigation. The Journal of Product Innovation Management, 21(3), 185-198. Retrieved from https://login.libproxy.edmc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/196967827?accountid=34899

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Internalization and the Dynamics of Product Adaptation – An Empirical Investigation
Bibliography